By the time Hawaii became a state, English was the lingua franca. To many Hawaiians’ chagrin, the Reciprocity Treaty of 1875 paved the way to the eventual annexation of the Hawaiian islands, and also led to an increase in English-language schools there.

Because the United States was the closest country to Hawaii, a number of treaties were signed between the two in the 19th century to ensure easy trade and travel between them. The other factor leading to the dominance of English in Hawaii was a growing relationship with the United States. When Queen Kaahumanu accepted Christianity in 1825 and started enforcing it throughout the Kingdom of Hawaii, English was on its way to becoming the major language of the island. The missionaries developed written Hawaiian in order to translate the Bible, which was useful in preserving the language, but eventually they started pushing English on the locals. English’s first foothold on the islands was through Christian missionaries, who came to the island in 1820. The Kingdom of Hawaii became a major point for traders from Asia and North America, and so a lot of languages passed through. And when sugarcane plantations began to open in 1835, people from all over the world arrived to work at them.Īs the century progressed, one language began to dominate Hawaii: English. The Pacific Ocean is huge, and Hawaii provided a convenient place to rest and refuel along the way. Once Hawaii was found by the Europeans, it became a popular spot to stop during long voyages. They lived in total seclusion until the islands were discovered by Europeans in 1778, when explorer James Cook landed on the archipelago he called “Owhyhee.” The ancestor language of Hawaiian first arrived when voyagers from the Marquesas Islands settled the archipelago around 400 C.E. If traced back far enough, many of the languages of the Pacific seem to have originated from a proto-language that was spoken on the island that is now Taiwan. Hawaiian is a Polynesian language, along with Samoan or Māori, and it descends from the Austronesian language group. Before the 18th century, Hawaii was home only to Hawaiians, and the only language there was Hawaiian.

Hawaiian pidgin to english translation